Sextus Empiricus Term Papers
Sextus Empiricus is known for giving what seems to be a compelling account of the most extreme form of ancient skepticism – the philosophical position that knowledge of the truth is impossible. Certain ancient philosophers held that people might hold true beliefs, but could never be certain of their knowledge. Sextus Empiricus’s skepticism took this view farther. He held that no true knowledge could be had at all, and that we could not be certain even of our lack of knowledge. This extreme form of skepticism is circular and nihilistic: not even what it claims can be true because truth itself is impossible.
Sextus Empiricus couldn’t prove his form of skepticism. To do so would be to say that there is some truth to the matter and this is exactly what he means to deny. Instead, he shows how inquiry into the truth always results in doubt and uncertainty. But while his result is nihilistic in terms of human knowledge, it is not in terms of human life, and he outlines a way of living that acknowledges the impossibility of true knowledge.
Sextus Empiricus’s first step is to consider how we try to come to the truth through examining contradictory propositions. As an example, take a case of morality. In one culture, some practice, say polygamy, is forbidden, while in another it is permitted. Argumentation may be used to defend either position and, as a result, we have no rational basis for choosing one “truth” over the other.
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